Hydro-turbine Unit for Serbian Six Small Hydropower Station Renovation Project

9# Station:
Repair 3 sets of existing units, upgrade governor and relevant turbine equipment. Horizontal Francis turbine units with double-runner structure and exposed groove now become the cultural relics to be protected, and its appearance could not be changed.

It is designed in an integral way by foreign company. There will be a lot of complicities, limits and design difficulties for the repair and renovation of such power station projects which shall be the historical and cultural relics of their countries.

10# Station:
Two sets of new horizontal Kaplan S-type turbines (S-type tubular turbine with rotating blade) will be assembled in the new plant

Adopt CFD design technology for optimization; new unit is manufactured.

11# Station
Three horizontal Francis units (one big unit and two small units) in the original plant shall be renovated.

There will be a lot of complicities, limits and design difficulties for the repair and renovation of such power station projects which shall be the historical and cultural relics of their countries.

12# Station
Three original units in the plant will be renovated. Replace one set of vertical Francis turbine with exposed groove with vertical Kaplan Z-type turbine; replace the original two vertical blade-rotating turbines with new ones (both water head flow and runner diameter increased). The new Kaplan Z-type turbine will be assembled with the original concrete inlet part and draft tube based on the given operation parameters. The new Kaplan turbine shall be designed in a way to match the shape and dimension of the original concrete spiral case and draft tube. So large-scale demolition will not be required.

14# Station
Install a set of new Pelton turbine. Three original turbines (one big unit and two small units) were repaired twenty years ago, and now the existing turbines have low efficiency. The big unit is operating in a low efficiency, while the two small units have the problems in their nozzle orifice and needle valves, so their operation efficiency is very low. The existing turbines need to be repaired (due to grease-leakage and painting failure, etc.). The visible parts of the big unit operate occasionally. These units are planned to operate for tourism purpose. These units now become the cultural relics, and in order to maintain their original appearance, these turbines are not allowed to make significant changes, and the turbine types and forms shall not be changed. A new set of vertical 6-nozzle Pelton turbine is designed and manufactured as per modern standards, and shall be installed in the auxiliary plant. After the new unit is put into operation, the original three old units were shut down for cultural protection and tourism.

The unit is 780mm in diameter, with 6 nozzles. The unit adopts the exposed structure largely, which is very special. The turbine must support the whole generator and must operate in a stable way, so it is very difficult for the strength and structural design, while at the same time, it is required to consider the convenience of assembly, disassembly and maintenance of unit.

15# Station
2 sets of horizontal Pelton turbines are renovated. The project has become the cultural relics. So in order to keep the original appearance of the equipment, the turbine is not allowed to make significant changes, its appearance not allowed to be replaced.